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Patent visualisation
Patent visualisation is an application of information visualisation. The number of patents has been increasing steadily,〔http://www.wipo.int/export/sites/www/ipstats/en/statistics/patents/pdf/941e_2010.pdf〕 thus forcing companies to consider intellectual property as a part of their strategy.〔Kevin G. Rivette, David Kline “Discovering new value in intellectual property” Harvard Business Review ( January–February 2000)〕 Patent visualisation, like patent mapping, is used to quickly view a portfolio of patents.
Software dedicated to patent visualisation began to appear in 2000, for example Aureka from Aurigin now owned by Thomson Reuters.〔http://thomsonreuters.com/products_services/intellectual_property/ip_products/a-z/aureka/〕 Many patent and portfolio analytics platforms, such as Relecura, Innography and Patent iNSIGHT Pro,〔http://www.intellogist.com/wiki/Patent_iNSIGHT_Pro〕 offer options to visualise specific data within patent documents by creating Topic Maps,〔http://www.relecura.com/reports/Relecura_Whitepaper_-_Topic_Maps.pdf〕 Priority Maps, IP Landscape reports〔http://www.patentinsightpro.com/techreports/1113/Tech%20Insight%20Report%20-%20Graphene.pdf〕 etc. Taking advantage of the innate visual language, software has been developed to convert patents into infographics or maps, to allow the analyst to "get insight into the data" and draw conclusions.〔Daniel A Keim et IEEE Computer Society, “Information visualization and visual data mining,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS 8 (2002): 1--8.〕 Also called patinformatics,〔Anthony J. Trippe, “Patinformatics: Tasks to tools,” World Patent Information 25, n°. 3 (September 2003): 211-221.〕 it is the "science of analysing patent information to discover relationships and trends that would be difficult to see when working with patent documents on a one-and-one basis".
Patents contain two types of information: structured data like publication numbers which are processed by data-mining, and unstructured text like title, abstract and claims which are processed with text mining.〔Laura Ruotsalainen, “Data mining tools for technology and competitive intelligence” VTT Research Notes 2451(October 2008)〕
==Data mining==
The main step in processing structured information is data-mining. Data mining〔http://www.data-mining-software.com/data_mining_history.htm〕 emerged in the late 1980s. Using computer science and generic algorithms, data mining is the union of statistics, artificial intelligence and machine learning.〔http://www.exforsys.com/tutorials/data-mining/how-data-mining-is-evolving.html〕 Patent data mining extracts information from the structured data of the patent document.〔Sungjoo Lee, Byungun Yoon, et Yongtae Park, “An approach to discovering new technology opportunities: Keyword-based patent map approach,” Technovation 29, n°. 6 (Juin): 481-497.〕 These structured data are bibliographic fields like location, date or status.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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